chiasmus

noun·/kaɪˈæz.məs/

A rhetorical crossing in which the order of words or ideas is reversed in parallel phrases, creating a hinge of emphasis and a sense of inevitability (rhetoric). Chiasmus turns back on itself, making structure carry meaning.

Her sentence snapped shut with chiasmus: “We shape our tools, and then our tools shape us.”

Etymology

From Greek khiasmós, from chi (Χ), the letter whose crossing lines suggested the figure’s crisscross pattern. The name is a diagram made verbal.

Related Words

antimetabolea closely related figure repeating words in reverse order
parallelismthe broader family of balanced construction
inversionthe underlying maneuver
zeugmaanother figure that depends on structural tension